Music dealer catalogs (which include auction catalogs) contain lists of books and/or scores (or other material) that has come into a dealer's possession for sale or auction.
Dealers' catalogs shed light on the popularity and dissemination of music. They can also reveal what significant individuals owned. In this manner they allow for the study of provenance—the history of ownership. Provenance studies can reveal significant historical information about ownership, private libraries, the creation and production of scores and of their significance within society.
A page from Catalogue of the valuable library of the late Edward Francis Rimbault... (Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodge, 1877). Item nos. 1112, 1113, and 1118 are now part of the Music Division's Drexel Collection.
Recent catalogs tend to provide detailed information concerning physical and intellectual attributes as well as the provenance of each item.